Lawns
Fertilizing:
Begin by having the soil tested for nutrients and acidity, then
select organic fertilizers to correct any imbalances. If you want
to keep your lawn lush and green, you should fertilize it. Grass
needs nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, which can be found in
all retail fertilizers. Lime, or calcium oxide, is not a
fertilizer,
but a neutralizer, to reduce acidity in the soil. Lime is usually
applied before a rainfall, very early in the spring, as it takes
several weeks to take effect.
Be sure
to check the amount of nitrogen in your fertilizer as it promotes
growth and greenness, but too much can make your lawn susceptible
to disease and insects. Spread fertilizer after the first spring
mowing. Follow the manufacturers instructions to determine how much
fertilizer to apply.
Cut no more
than 1/3 (this can be 1/2 to 2/3 for the first cut of spring) off
the grass blade height at any one time and allow the clippings remain
on the soil. In a few days, they'll be absorbed into the soil, acting
as a natural fertilizer.
Fertilizer
Facts:
When properly
fertilized, your lawn will grow thick and green. Without regular
fertilizer, a lawn may become thin and susceptible to weeds, diseases,
and insects. Use caution though, as an over fertilized lawn can burn
the root system or grow too quickly - meaning more frequent mowing
(i.e.. more work) and increased thatch which makes it more difficult
for water to reach the roots.
Weeds
and drought:
To remove
crabgrass without chemical de-weeders, spread fresh seed over your
lawn and let the new grass grow at least 4" tall. This will
help suffocate the crabgrass, after which you can mow.
A properly
sown and tended lawn will not suffer unduly from weeds, insects,
or diseases. If you see brown patches or other problems in your
lawn, first evaluate your lawn care practices. The lawn's troubles
may result from improper mowing or watering, or from compaction
and thatch.
By correcting
your mower height, fertilizer applications, and watering amounts
- and over seeding bare patches - you can probably restore your lawn
to its former beauty without resorting to pesticides. If you decide
to use a lawn service make sure they will customize the treatment
of your yard. Many companies routinely apply the same chemicals
to every lawn, whether or not the grass has a problem. This may
actually encourage problems by harming beneficial soil organisms.
The best
protection from excessive weeds is healthy grass. Your lawn will
be healthier and freer of weeds, pests, and diseases if you learn
to mow at the right height, water properly, fertilize correctly,
and choose the best type of grass for your growing conditions.
Dethatching:
If you
have not dethatched your lawn recently, make a point of doing it
this year. Thatch is made up primarily of dead grass clipping that
over time have become packed tightly between new blades of grass.
A layer more than ˝ inch deep impedes water and nutrients from reaching
grass roots, and is the cause of the vast majority of lawn problems.
You can rent a power dethatcher, purchase a dethatching blade for
your rotary power mower, or use a dethatching rake. Collect all
the loosened thatch and add it to your compost pile, or leave in
a clear plastic bag for your municipality to remove as yard waste.
After dethatching
If water pools on your lawn after a normal rain, your soil may be
too dense, preventing grass roots from getting enough water, nutrients,
and air. Spike the soil with a pitchfork or rent a soil
aerator
to loosen put holes down to the root system. (There are even special
shoes with huge spikes on them, which you wear while mowing or dethatching
to help aerate the soil)
Mowing
Rules & Safety:
I)
Mow when the grass is dry. A mower may crush wet grass.
II)
Mow before you use fertilizer, seed, or apply pesticides.
III)
Rake and bag clippings, or use a mulching mower designed to chop
blades of grass into bits small enough to reenter the soil as a
nutrient.
IV)
Always mow across a slope rather than up and down when using a walk
behind machine.
V)
Turn off the motor if you need to inspect, adjust, or re-fuel it.
Pull off the spark plug lead for added safety.
VI)
Turn off the motor when you stop to empty the grass bag or unclog
the discharge chute.
VII)
Clear lawn of toys, sticks and stones (They break bones)
VIII)
Keep an eye on everyone, especially small children. Never let anyone
cross the path of the side discharge chute. Flying stones and sticks
can do serious injury. ·
IX) Carry
children on a riding mower.
Edging
and trimming:
Edging your
lawn can help restore a crisp transition between patios and the
grass. In some cases, where it has not been done for several years,
you can gain several inches of patio! Use caution when trimming
grass around trees and shrubs using a weed wacker. The nylon whip
can damage the trunks of trees very badly. Shields are inexpensive
and make the task go much quicker.
It is possible
to have a picture-perfect lawn without resorting to weed killers
and pesticides if you mow it high, use a mulching mower, fertilize
once or twice a year, and water deeply once a week when it doesn't
rain. No outdoor surface is as resilient, beautiful and inexpensive
to install as a lawn. An expanse of grass shows off a formal flower
gardens and lends your home a sense of permanence and comfort.